Japanese etiquette: essential do's and don'ts

Japanese etiquette can look intimidating, but the core principle is simple: avoid inconveniencing others. Locals rarely expect visitors to know every custom, and a polite attitude matters more than perfect behaviour.

Greetings and bowing

A light bow accompanies greetings, thanks and apologies. Handshakes are also common with foreigners. Business cards are given and received with both hands and a short look before putting them away.

Shoes

Take shoes off when entering homes, ryokan, some restaurants, temples and fitting rooms. A raised floor at the entrance or a row of slippers is the signal. Separate toilet slippers are used in many homes and inns: remember to switch back.

On trains and in public

• Keep phones on silent and avoid calls.
• Talk quietly, and avoid eating on commuter trains.
• Queue in line on platforms and at escalators; stand on the left in Tokyo and on the right in Osaka.
• Do not walk while eating in busy streets; eat near the stall where you bought the food.

Restaurants

Say “itadakimasu” before eating and “gochisosama” after, if you like. Do not stick chopsticks upright in rice or pass food from chopstick to chopstick, gestures linked to funerals. Slurping noodles is normal. Pay at the counter, not at the table, unless told otherwise, and do not tip.

Onsen and public baths

Wash and rinse thoroughly at the shower stations before entering the bath, keep the small towel out of the water and tie up long hair. Swimwear is not allowed in traditional baths. Many onsen restrict visitors with tattoos; some accept them if covered with a patch, and private baths are an alternative.

Rubbish and smoking

Public bins are rare, so carry your rubbish to your hotel or a convenience store. Sorting rules separate burnables, plastics, cans and bottles. Smoking is banned on many streets and allowed only in designated areas.

Photos and privacy

Ask before photographing people, especially geiko and maiko in Kyoto, where photography is banned on some private streets. Respect signs prohibiting photos in temples and shops.

Japanese etiquette at a glance

A smile, a thank you and attention to those around you cover most situations. These simple gestures earn warm appreciation everywhere.

Gifts and hospitality

If invited to a home, bring a small gift, such as a specialty from your country, and present it with both hands. Gifts are often opened later rather than in front of the giver.

Ryokan stays

Wear the provided yukata with the left side over the right, and leave shoes at the entrance. Dinner and breakfast are served at fixed times. Staff lay out futons in the evening while guests are at dinner or in the bath.

Paying and receiving change

Place money in the small tray at the counter rather than handing it over directly, and receive change the same way. Staff often count notes in front of you, and receipts are handed over with both hands.

Official source: Japan National Tourism Organization

Frequently asked questions